Guide
Staircase project questions and terminology
Plain answers about stair parts, project types and what a contractor needs to know, for homeowners planning stair work.
Stair parts, defined
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Tread | The horizontal surface you step on. |
| Riser | The vertical board between two treads. |
| Nosing | The front edge of a tread that projects past the riser. |
| Stringer | The structural board that supports treads and risers along each side. |
| Skirt board | Trim along the wall side of the stairs. |
| Baluster (spindle) | Vertical members between the handrail and treads or shoe rail. |
| Handrail | The rail you hold, supported by balusters, posts or wall brackets. |
| Newel post | The larger post at the start, turns or end of a railing. |
| Landing | A flat platform between flights or at a turn. |
| Winder | A wedge-shaped tread that turns the stair without a full landing. |
| Bullnose step | A bottom step with rounded ends that extends past the railing. |
Which service fits my goal
- Worn but sound hardwood treads: stair refinishing.
- Carpet you want gone: carpet-to-hardwood stair conversion.
- Damaged, thin or construction-grade treads: tread and riser replacement.
- Dated wood spindles: iron baluster replacement.
- Wobbly or dated rails and posts: handrail and newel post replacement.
- Squeaks, loose or cracked parts: stair repair.
- Several of the above at once: staircase remodeling.
Cosmetic versus structural
Cosmetic issues affect appearance: worn finish, scratches, dated colors or styles. Structural concerns affect support and safety: cracked stringers, sagging, separating steps, or a railing that moves significantly. Structural and code questions need assessment by an appropriately qualified contractor.
What a contractor will ask
- How many flights, treads and landings
- Straight, curved or turning layout
- Current tread, riser and railing materials
- Which railing parts are in scope
- Any visible damage or movement
- Whether the home is occupied during work
- Your target timing
Questions
What is the difference between a baluster and a spindle?
In everyday use they mean the same thing: the vertical pieces under the handrail. Spindle usually refers to a turned wood baluster.
Who decides if my stairs meet code?
Code rules are set and enforced by the local building authority. A qualified contractor can explain how they apply to your project. This site does not make code determinations.
Related services
Written and reviewed by the Roswell Stair Remodeling editorial team (no individual expert credentials claimed). Last reviewed 2026-10-25. See the editorial policy.
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